Just like an article or a book, a dataset may be an information source for an academic publication. The dataset must be explicitly mentioned as a source, even if you yourself are the creator of the dataset.
When citing a dataset you must mention:
The exact order of these elements depends on the citation style you use in your publication.
Minimally: Author (publication date). Title (version) [file type]. DOI
More extensively: Author (publication date). Title (version) [file type]. Publisher. DOI
Example, minimally:
Milberger, S. (2002). Evaluation of violence against women with physical disabilities in Michigan, 2000-2001 (ICPSR version) [data file and codebook]. doi:10.3886/ICPSR03414
Example, incl. optional elements:
Milberger, S. (2002). Evaluation of violence against women with physical disabilities in Michigan, 2000-2001 (ICPSR version) [data file and codebook]. Detroit: Wayne State University [producer]. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor]. doi:10.3886/ICPSR03414
Minimally: Author. Title. Version. Publisher, publication date. Consultation date.
More extensively: Author. Title. Version. Publisher, publication date. Consultation date. DOI
Example, minimally:
Milberger, Sharon. Evaluation of Violence Against Women With Physical Disabilities in Michigan, 2000-2001. ICPSR version. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, 2002. Web. 19 May 2011.
Example, incl. optional elements:
Milberger, Sharon. Evaluation of Violence Against Women With Physical Disabilities in Michigan, 2000-2001. ICPSR version. Detroit: Wayne State U [producer]. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2002. Web. 19 May 2011. doi:10.3886/ICPSR03414
Bibliography: Author. Title. Version. Publisher, publication date. DOI
Author-date style: Author. Publication date. Title. Version. Publisher. DOI
Example, bibliography:
Milberger, Sharon. Evaluation of Violence Against Women With Physical Disabilities in Michigan, 2000-2001. ICPSR version. Detroit: Wayne State University, 2002. Distributed by Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research, 2002. doi:10.3886/ICPSR03414.
Example, author-date:
Milberger, Sharon. 2002. Evaluation of Violence Against Women With Physical Disabilities in Michigan, 2000-2001. ICPSR version. Detroit: Wayne State University. Distributed by Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research. doi:10.3886/ICPSR03414.